شاخص pmi چیست؟
شاخص pmi چیست؟
PMI از عبارت Purchasing Managers Index گرفته شده و مخفف شده این عبارت است.
شاخص PMI توسط دو موسسه مدیریت عرضه (ISP: Institute for supply management) و گروه مارکیت (Markit Group) محاسبه می شود. موسسه مدیریت عرضه ، شاخص PMI را برای ایالات متحده آمریکا محاسبه کرده و گروه مارکیت ، با استفاده از اطلاعات ۲۰۰۰۰ شرکت خصوصی، این شاخص را برای ۳۰ کشور دنیا آماده و منتشر می کند.
هر دو موسسه از روش های خاص خود برای محاسبه شاخص PMI استفاده می کنند. بسیاری از کشورها از این شاخص برای ارائه اطلاعات دقیق به متخصصین و تحلیلگران استفاده می کنند.
![](https://academychartkhani.ir/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/613c5c64670cb.png)
- توضیحات بیشتر : بهترین دوره پرایس اکشن
حال به مقاسیه این دو موسسه و روش های محاسبه ی آنها می پردازیم:
Markit Group معمولا به صورت ماهیانه آمار و اطلاعات دقیق شرکت های مختلف در بخش های کارخانه ای، ساختمان، خرده فروشی و خدمات، که این اطلاعات شامل موارد متغیر در بخش تولیدات کارخانه ها، سطح قیمت ها، موجودات کارخانه ها و سفارشات مصرف کنندگان می باشد را جمع آوری می کند.
اما در روش ISP، کل سفارشات ثبت شده و سرعت در تحویل هم در نظر گرفته شده و فقط به شرکت های خصوصی بسنده نمی کند و کل بخش های سیستم نایکس (NAICS: North American Industry Classification system )که شامل بخش های زیرساختی، معدن، کشاورزی و …. هست را در نظر می گیرد. در صورتی که این بخش ها در روش Markit Group حائز اهمیت نیستند.
در کل شاخص Pmi یکی از مهمترین شاخص هاست که حتی قبل از بسیاری از شاخص هایی که در بخش دولتی محاسبه می شود، در دسترس قرار می گیرد.
- مطالعه بیشتر: مفهوم ریسک به ریوارد
شاخص pmi تولید چیست؟
در زیر روش محاسبه شاخص PMIرا برایتان شرح می دهیم:
- مقدار درصد جوابهایی که بهبود وضعیت را گزارش کرده اند.
- مقدار درصد جوابهایی که عدم تغییر را گزارش کرده اند.
- مقدار درصد جوابهایی که افت و زوال را گزارش کرده اند.
- مطالعه بیشتر: ریسک فری چیست؟
تفسیر این سه گزینه بدین شرح است که:
اگر ۱۰۰% کسانی که تفسیر می کنند، بهبود وضعیت را گزارش دهند، مقدار شاخص PMI برابر ۱۰۰ می شود.
اگر ۱۰۰% عدم تغییر را گزارش دهند، میزان شاخص برابر ۵۰ می شود.
اگر ۱۰۰% افت و زوال را گزارش کنند، مقدار شاخص برابر ۰ می شود.
اگر مقدار شاخص برابر ۵۰ یا بالاتر از آن باشد یعنی وضعیت رو به بهبود نسبی قرار دارد و هر چه بالاتر رود وضعیت شاخص بهتر می شود و اگر مقدارشاخص به سمت پایین تر از ۵۰ برود، نشان دهنده ی افت اقتصادی می باشد.
شاخص pmi چیست؟
این شاخص برای تشخیص فشار تورمی و فعالیت های اقتصادی کارخانه ها است و البته با شاخص cpi یا همان شاخص قیمت مصرف کننده (تورم) قابل مقایسه نیست اما چون زودتر منتشر می شود اثراتش بسیار سریع استاین شاخص به سرعت در بازار سهام اثر می گذارد اما مشکل بزرگ آن عدم توجه به حقوق و دستمزدها در بخش تولید است که هزینه های زیادی در بخش تولید را شامل می شوند
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مدیریت سرمایه چیست؟
مدیریت سرمایه چیست؟
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